Women in ancient Greece and Rome are the subject of this course. The topic remains controversial among ancient historians. Until recently historians did not question the preponderance of our ancient evidence which originates from ancient males (authors, artists, lawmakers) and often reflects a male-biased or vastly distorted view of females. Inscriptional evidence and careful analysis of archaeological and written texts offer a much different, less stereotyped depiction of ancient women.

Our course goal is to attempt a more accurate understanding of females in ancient societies. Through use of film, slides, primary and secondary source readings, and discussion the class will investigate ordinary and extraordinary women from Minoan Greek times through the fall of the Roman Empire. We will explore ancient female expected and actual societal roles, occupations, and lifestyles.

Special attention will be given to study of females in religion since religious involvement (as priestesses or in other sacerdotal capacities) always was one notable way for ancient females to achieve the highest status (and occasionally great independence) in their societies